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基于自适应在线双词主题模型的应用程序评论新兴主题识别 Research Article

周芄1,王勇1,2,高翠芸3,杨非4

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第23卷第5期页码 678-691 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2100465

摘要：应用程序评论中的新兴主题突出了用户在一定时期内关注的主题（如软件漏洞）。准确、及时地识别新兴主题能帮助开发者更有效地更新应用程序。已有文献基于主题模型或聚类方法识别应用程序评论中的新兴主题。然而，由于评论文本长度较短，提供的信息有限，新兴主题识别准确率较低。为解决该问题，提出一种改进的新兴主题识别方法（IETI）。首先采用自然语言处理技术减少评论文本中的噪音数据，然后使用自适应在线双词主题模型识别评论中的新兴主题。最后利用新兴主题中相关的短语和句子解释新兴主题的含义。采用官方更新日志作为新兴主题的评估标准，选择6个常见的应用程序对IETI进行评估。实验结果表明，IETI在识别新兴主题方面优于传统方法，短语标签F1值增量为0.126，句子标签F1值增量为0.061。我们在Github（https://github.com/wanizhou/IETI）上发布了IETI的代码。

关键词：应用程序评论；新兴主题识别；主题模型；自然语言处理

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Special Topic on environment and sustainable development

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第3期页码 291-292 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1667-6

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基于个性化主题模型的用户生成内容推荐 Article

Wei ZHANG, Jia-yu ZHUANG, Xi YONG, Jian-kou LI, Wei CHEN, Zhe-min LI

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第5期页码 708-718 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500402

摘要：互联网服务中有很多用户生成的内容（User-generated content, UGC），例如博客，微博等。在这些系统中，需要推荐算法来帮助用户过滤海量的内容。然而，传统的推荐模型没有考虑用户和内容之间的创作关系。本文中，我们验证了：通过引入创作关系信息，可以显著提高推荐算法的各项指标。基于层次主题模型和矩阵分解模型，我们构造了一个新的推荐模型。实验证明我们的新模型显著的优于其它已有模型，并且可以为用户和内容对应的主题给出直观解释。另外，由于从用户生成的内容我们可以推测其兴趣偏好，因此可以解决冷启动问题。

关键词：用户生成内容；协同过滤；矩阵分解；层次主题模型

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Topicmodeling for large-scale text data

Xi-ming LI,Ji-hong OUYANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第6期页码 457-465 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400352

摘要： This paper develops a novel online algorithm, namely moving average stochastic variational inference (MASVI), which applies the results obtained by previous iterations to smooth out noisy natural gradients. We analyze the convergence property of the proposed algorithm and conduct a set of experiments on two large-scale collections that contain millions of documents. Experimental results indicate that in contrast to algorithms named ‘stochastic variational inference’ and ‘SGRLD’, our algorithm achieves a faster convergence rate and better performance.

关键词： Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) Topic modeling Online learning Moving average

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基于内容和引用的科研文献的主题发现和演化 Article

Hou-kui ZHOU, Hui-min YU, Roland HU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第10期页码 1511-1524 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601125

摘要：科研文献数据库中的重要主题随时间的演化的方式已经越来越受到全球研究者的关注。在一个科研论文数据集中，任何一篇论文可以被认为是由组成论文本身的词和论文引用的文献所组成的。在本文中，我们提出了一种名为“Citation-content-LDA (latent Dirichlet allocation)”的主题发现方法，该方法在一个概率生成模型中同时生成文献的引用关系和文献本身的词。Citation-content-LDA模型利用了一种两层结构的主题模型，即利用引用信息生成父主题和利用文本信息生成子主题。模型参数通过吉布斯采样算法来估计。我们还提出了一个主题演化算法，该算法包括主题分割和主题间依赖关系计算两个步骤。我们在IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (PAMI)和IEEE Computer Society (CS)两个数据集上测试了提出的Citation-content-LDA模型和主题演化算法，证明了我们提出的算法能有效的发现重要的主题和反映重要研究主题的主题演化情况。经过我们的评价指标的评测，Citation-content-LDA算法的性能优于Content-LDA和Citation-LDA算法。

关键词：主题提取；主题演化；评价方法

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绿色供热系统——经济建设中的重大课题

宋之平

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第6期页码 9-14

摘要：

提出了一个术语“绿色供热系统”，并阐述了它应有的特征。为此，介绍了可逆型供热系统的概念和一般化供热系统模型。为了界定绿色供热系统，使用了作者设计的《单耗分析》的理论和方法。基于绿色供热系统所界定的原则，把排放物的量和有害成分大幅度地降下来的供热方案具有现实的可行性，如再与诸如蒸馏法海水淡化等技术相结合，不但具有可持续的发展空间，单就其可能产生的水量、水质以及造水成本而言，均堪与流域调水方案相竞争。

关键词：可持续发展水资源热电联产热泵多联产

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词加权有监督主题模型：多标签文本分类 None

Yue-peng ZOU, Ji-hong OUYANG, Xi-ming LI

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第19卷第4期页码 513-523 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601668

摘要：有监督主题模型已成功应用于多标签文本分类任务。代表性模型包括有监督隐含狄利克雷分配模型（labeled latent Dirichlet allocation，L-LDA）和判别隐含狄利克雷分配模型（dependency-LDA）。这些已有模型忽略单词类别频率信息，即训练集中单词出现的类别数量，对分类任务的影响。对此引入类别频率信息，提出一个类别频率词权重方法（class frequency weight, CF-weight）。CF-weight方法基于如下假设：具有较高（或较低）类别频率的单词在分类问题中具有较低（或较高）判别力。将CF-weight方法应用于L-LDA和dependency-LDA模型。实验结果表明，相比传统有监督主题模型，基于CF-weight的模型在多标签分类性能上具有优势。

关键词：有监督主题模型；多标签分类；类别频率；有监督隐含狄利克雷分配模型；判别隐含狄利克雷分配模型

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核电厂的抗震设计输入及AP1000核岛隔震课题简介

夏祖讽

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第4期页码 52-56

摘要：

首先简单介绍了世界各国核电厂抗震输入的概况，同时提及了法国、日本及我国相关部门对核岛基础隔震的一些探索，接着重点涉及上海核工程研究设计院针对AP1000系列机组所开展的核岛基础隔震设计课题的总体概念设计内容。本文对核电厂的抗震设计及核岛结构基础的隔震设计提供了较多的实用信息，以供参考。

关键词：核电厂抗震设计 AP1000 基础隔震

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Continuous modeling of soil morphology —thermomechanical behavior of embankment dams

Bettina ALBERS, Krzysztof WILMANSKI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第1期页码 11-23 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0081-7

摘要： Macroscopic modeling of soils is based on a number of properties that refer to the mesoscopic morphology. The most fundamental parameters of this art are: 1) coupling parameters between partial stresses of components and deformations of components, 2) porosities, 3) saturation, and 4) permeability and diffusivity, tortuosity. The main aim of this paper is to present in juxtaposition continuous one-, two-, and three-component models of geomaterials appearing in construction of embankment dams. In particular, the above mentioned features, especially saturation with water and seepage problems, modeling of fluidization yielding piping, and generalizations of the Darcy law and changes of porosity, are presented.

关键词： thermomechanical modeling soil morphology saturation porosity

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基于同类用户的个性化查询词自动推荐方法 Regular Papers-Research Articles

Dan-yang JIANG, Hong-hui CHEN

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第20卷第9期页码 1246-1258 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1800010

摘要：查询词自动推荐（query auto-completion，QAC）通过预测查询词前缀对应的完整补全查询词帮助用户构造查询词。大多互联网搜索引擎利用用户的行为信息为用户提供个性化的查询词自动推荐列表。为提高推荐成功率，个性化的QAC方法需获取大量关于用户搜索兴趣和搜索意图的上下文信息。因此，这些方法通常受制于用户数据的稀疏性问题。本文提出利用同类用户的搜索记录解决用户数据的稀疏性问题，并提升个性化QAC方法的推荐性能。首先，通过主题模型得到用户的主题兴趣，建立每个用户的兴趣肖像，然后将兴趣肖像相似的用户聚集起来建立同类用户群。由于传统主题模型不能自动识别同类用户，提出两个同类用户主题模型，将主题建模与同类用户识别包含在同一个模型框架内。根据不同的同类用户识别方法，提供4个不同的基于同类用户的个性化QAC方法。所提个性化QAC方法通过同类用户的上下文信息和查询词的频率对补全的查询词排序。在公开的AOL查询词数据集上进行大量实验，并与不采用同类用户上下文信息的方法进行排序性能对比。实验结果显示，本文提出的基于同类用户的个性化QAC方法能有效解决用户数据稀疏性问题，并且相对于基准方法能大幅提升排序结果准确性。

关键词：查询词自动推荐；基于同类用户的信息检索；主题模型

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Flow and thermal modeling of liquid metal in expanded microchannel heat sink

《能源前沿（英文）》页码 796-810 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0877-5

摘要： Liquid metal-based microchannel heat sinks (MCHSs) suffer from the low heat capacity of coolant, resulting in an excessive temperature rise of coolant and heat sink when dealing with high-power heat dissipation. In this paper, it was found that expanded space at the top of fins could distribute the heat inside microchannels, reducing the temperature rise of coolant and heat sink. The orthogonal experiments revealed that expanding the top space of channels yielded similar temperature reductions to changing the channel width. The flow and thermal modeling of expanded microchannel heat sink (E-MCHS) were analyzed by both using the 3-dimensional (3D) numerical simulation and the 1-dimensional (1D) thermal resistance model. The fin efficiency of E-MCHS was derived to improve the accuracy of the 1D thermal resistance model. The heat conduction of liquid metal in Z direction and the heat convection between the top surface of fins and the liquid metal could reduce the total thermal resistance (R_t). The above process was effective for microchannels with low channel aspect ratio, low mean velocity (U_m) or long heat sink length. The maximum thermal resistance reduction in the example of this paper reached 36.0%. The expanded space endowed the heat sink with lower pressure, which might further reduce the pumping power (P). This rule was feasible both when fins were truncated (h₂ < 0, h₂ is the height of expanded channel for E-MCHS) and when over plate was raised (h₂ > 0).

关键词： liquid metal cooling heat sink expanded microchannel flow and thermal modeling

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一种集成的统一建模语言框架

Mohammad ALSHAYEB,Nasser KHASHAN,Sajjad MAHMOOD

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第17卷第2期页码 143-159 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500094

摘要：

The unified modeling language (UML) is one of the most commonly used modeling languages in the software industry.It simplifies the complex process of design by providing a set of graphical notations, which helps express the objectoriented analysis and design of software projects. Although UML is applicable to different types of systems, domains, methods,and processes, it cannot express certain problem domain needs. Therefore, many extensions to UML have been proposed. In this paper, we propose a framework for integrating the UML extensions and then use the framework to propose an integrated unified modeling language-graphical (iUML-g) form. iUML-g integrates the existing UML extensions into one integrated form. This includes an integrated diagram for UML class, sequence, and use case diagrams. The proposed approach is evaluated using a case study. The proposed iUML-g is capable of modeling systems that use different domains.

关键词： Unified modeling language (UML) Integration Modeling System analysis and design

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Computer modeling of crystal growth of silicon for solar cells

Lijun LIU, Xin LIU, Zaoyang LI, Koichi KAKIMOTO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第3期页码 305-312 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0155-9

摘要： A computer simulator with a global model of heat transfer during crystal growth of Si for solar cells is developed. The convective, conductive, and radiative heat transfers in the furnace are solved together in a coupled manner using the finite volume method. A three-dimensional (3D) global heat transfer model with 3D features is especially made suitable for any crystal growth, while the requirement for computer resources is kept permissible for engineering applications. A structured/unstructured combined mesh scheme is proposed to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the simulation. A dynamic model for the melt-crystal (mc) interface is developed to predict the phase interface behavior in a crystal growth process. Dynamic models for impurities and precipitates are also incorporated into the simulator. Applications of the computer simulator to Czochralski (CZ) growth processes and directional solidification processes of Si crystals for solar cells are introduced. Some typical results, including the turbulent melt flow in a large-scale crucible of a CZ-Si process, the dynamic behaviors of the mc interface, and the transport and distributions of impurities and precipitates, such as oxygen, carbon, and SiC particles, are presented and discussed. The findings show the importance of computer modeling as an effective tool in the analysis and improvement of crystal growth processes and furnace designs for solar Si material.

关键词： computer modeling silicon crystal growth solar cells

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Lamb wave propagation modeling for structure health monitoring

Xiaoyue ZHANG, Shenfang YUAN, Tong HAO

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第4卷第3期页码 326-331 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0045-6

摘要： This study aims to model the propagation of Lamb waves used in structure health monitoring. A number of different numerical computational techniques have been developed for wave propagation studies. The local interaction simulation approach, used for modeling sharp interfaces and discontinuities in complex media (LISA/SIM theory), has been effectively applied to numerical simulations of elastic wave interaction. This modeling is based on the local interaction simulation approach theory and is finally accomplished through the finite elements software Ansys11. In this paper, the Lamb waves propagating characteristics and the LISA/SIM theory are introduced. The finite difference equations describing wave propagation used in the LISA/SIM theory are obtained. Then, an anisotropic metallic plate model is modeled and a simulating Lamb waves signal is loaded on. Finally, the Lamb waves propagation modeling is implemented.

关键词： Lamb wave modeling LISA/SIM theory finite difference equation finite element

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Building information modeling and its impact on users in the lifeworld: A mediation perspective

Hans VOORDIJK

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第2期页码 193-206 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0013-8

摘要： Building information modeling (BIM) is expected to have a large impact on users in the lifeworlds in a construction supply chain. The impact of BIM on users in their lifeworlds is explored using the concepts of Heidegger, Habermas, and Ihde from the perspective of technical mediation. This impact is explored by a case study. BIM mediates and shapes the relationship between users and their lifeworlds and can be characterized as either a hermeneutic or an alterity relationship. BIM conflicts with existing work practices in a ready-to-hand work environment. For users that cannot work with BIM, the work environment remains present-at-hand. The many heterogeneous BIM applications and systems used by the various parties involved result in interoperability problems that are a major barrier to enframing the supply chain by BIM. Although invitation and inhibition of certain actions by BIM may stimulate the rationalization of the lifeworlds, the lack of intrinsic motivation and mutual background knowledge inhibits an alignment of BIM and working practices.

关键词： building information modeling mediation enframing lifeworld rationalization Heidegger Habermas Ihde